Hole liners?

Historically, there was a different approach on either side of the ditch. Happily, they have gotten much closer together.

Here's a Q/A that the USGA published in 2022, note the 2023 Rules updated 11.1b Exception 2 to 11.1b(2).

QUESTION: Many courses, for protection of the hole, set a liner ring at the top of the cup, setting them just below ground level.Is the status of a hole liner the same as a movable obstruction?

If a ball is deflected by a liner that is sticking out, the stroke is cancelled (exception 2). (11.1b/1 refers to that as well)

Now, can the player push the ring back in? Can the player remove the ring from the hole, since it is an MO? If yes, can the player remove the ring any time (whether or not it is sticking out), as with movable obstructions? Or would any other rule limit the same?

USGA RESPONSE: The status of the beauty ring would be the same as the hole liner, so if it deflects a ball because it is above the surface of the putting green, exception 2 to Rule 11.1b would apply. However, hole liners are unique in that players should not remove them from the hole. If a hole liner is above the surface of the putting green and can easily be replaced in position, a player should do so. If there's a doubt, the player should involve the Committee just as they would when evaluating a damaged hole.
 
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