MashieNiblick
Tour Winner
Yes, the wording does leave it open to interpretation but that is intentional. It allows common sense to be applied which is actually a good thing. There are other examples - eg provisional ball if ....."ball may be lost outside a water hazard" etc
In nearly all cases it will be obvious if the position is improved and any honest assessment of the situation would agree if it was a penalty or not. If there's doubt then players usually penalised themselves anyway. To answer the original question, as already stated, the area of your swing includes the follow through.....everyone would always prefer not to be hitting something on the follow through so if I knock a single big leaf off with my practice swing giving me a free swing then I have improved the area of my swing and would be penalised. If I knock one of a bunch of 10 off I probably wouldn't. If I knock one of 2 off??? then probably a penalty. Just down to your own honesty really....like nearly all the rules. The question to ask yourself is "have I now got a materially better situation than before?".
Good points but I think it's that "probably" that is the issue. Most other Rules are much clearer on whether something is or isn't a penalty. And given the same circumstances will everybody give the same answer to the last question? Would some people be harsher or more lenient than others? Tricky one.