1916-2016 A centenary on...

Farneyman

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100 years on from the Easter Rising of 1916 and the public reading of the proclamation for the first time on Easter Monday set in motion a chain of events which would ultimately lead to Irish independence for part of the country in 1922.
Not bad considering we were first invaded in the late 12th Century. :D

Always loved learning about this in school and reading more about it as I got older and began to fully understand the history behind it.

In memory of "all" those who died before, during and after.

A proud Farneyman :thup:

IRISHMEN AND IRISHWOMEN: In the name of God and of the dead generations from which she receives her old tradition of nationhood, Ireland, through us, summons her children to her flag and strikes for her freedom.

Having organised and trained her manhood through her secret revolutionary organisation, the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and through her open military organisations, the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army, having patiently perfected her discipline, having resolutely waited for the right moment to reveal itself, she now seizes that moment, and supported by her exiled children in America and by gallant allies in Europe, but relying in the first on her own strength, she strikes in full confidence of victory.

We declare the right of the people of Ireland to the ownership of Ireland and to the unfettered control of Irish destinies, to be sovereign and indefeasible. The long usurpation of that right by a foreign people and government has not extinguished the right, nor can it ever be extinguished except by the destruction of the Irish people. In every generation the Irish people have asserted their right to national freedom and sovereignty; six times during the past three hundred years they have asserted it in arms. Standing on that fundamental right and again asserting it in arms in the face of the world, we hereby proclaim the Irish Republic as a Sovereign Independent State, and we pledge our lives and the lives of our comrades in arms to the cause of its freedom, of its welfare, and of its exaltation among the nations.

The Irish Republic is entitled to, and hereby claims, the allegiance of every Irishman and Irishwoman. The Republic guarantees religious and civil liberty, equal rights and equal opportunities to all its citizens, and declares its resolve to pursue the happiness and prosperity of the whole nation and of all its parts, cherishing all of the children of the nation equally, and oblivious of the differences carefully fostered by an alien Government, which have divided a minority from the majority in the past.

Until our arms have brought the opportune moment for the establishment of a permanent National Government, representative of the whole people of Ireland and elected by the suffrages of all her men and women, the Provisional Government, hereby constituted, will administer the civil and military affairs of the Republic in trust for the people.

We place the cause of the Irish Republic under the protection of the Most High God, Whose blessing we invoke upon our arms, and we pray that no one who serves that cause will dishonour it by cowardice, inhumanity, or rapine. In this supreme hour the Irish nation must, by its valour and discipline, and by the readiness of its children to sacrifice themselves for the common good, prove itself worthy of the august destiny to which it is called.

Signed on behalf of the Provisional Government:

THOMAS J. CLARKE
SEAN Mac DIARMADA THOMAS MacDONAGH
P. H. PEARSE EAMONN CEANNT
JAMES CONNOLLY JOSEPH PLUNKETT

For the bilingual...

POBLACHT NA hÉIREANN

A FHEARA AGUS A MHNÁ NA hÉIREANN : In ainm Dé agus in ainm na nglún a chuaigh romhainn agus óna bhfuair sí seanoideas na náisiúntachta, tá Éire, trínne, ag gairm a clainne faoina bratach agus ag bualadh buille ar son a saoirse.
Tar éis di a fir a eagrú agus a oiliúint ina heagraíocht rúnda réabhlóideach, Bráithreachas Phoblacht na hÉireann, agus ina heagraíochtaí míleata poiblí, Óglaigh na hÉireann agus Arm Cathartha na hÉireann, agus tar éis di a riailbhéas a thabhairt go foighneach chun foirfeachta agus feitheamh go buanseasmhach leis an bhfaill chun gnímh, tá sí ag glacadh na faille sin anois, agus, le cabhair óna clainn ar deoraíocht i Meiriceá agus ó chomh-ghuaillithe calma san Eoraip, ach, thar gach ní, le muinín as a neart dílis féin, tá sí ag bualadh buille i ndóchas iomlán go mbéarfaidh sí bua.
Dearbhaímid gur ceart ceannasach dochlóite ceart mhuintir na hÉireann chun seilbh na hÉireann, agus chun dála na hÉireann a stiúradh gan chosc gan cheataí. Níor cuireadh an ceart sin ar ceal leis an bhforghabháil a rinne pobal eachtrannach agus a rialtas air le cian d’aimsir ná ní féidir go brách a chur ar ceal ach trí dhíothú mhuintir na hÉireann. Níl aon ghlúin dá dtáinig nár dhearbhaigh pobal na hÉireann a gceart chun saoirse agus ceannas a náisiúin; sé huaire le trí chéad bliain anuas dhearbhaíodar faoi airm é. Ag seasamh dúinn ar an gceart bunaidh sin agus á dhearbhú arís faoi airm os comhair an tsaoil, fógraímid leis seo Poblacht na hÉireann ina Stát Ceannasach Neamhspleách agus cuirimid ár n-anam féin agus anam ár gcomrádaithe comhraic i ngeall lena saoirse agus lena leas, agus lena móradh i measc na náisiún.
Dlíonn Poblacht na hÉireann, agus éilíonn sí leis seo, géillsine ó mhuintir uile na hÉireann, idir fhir agus mhná. Ráthaíonn an phoblacht saoirse creidimh agus saoirse shibhialta, comhchearta agus comhdheiseanna, dá saoránaigh uile, agus dearbhaíonn sí gurb é a rún séan agus sonas a lorg don náisiún uile agus do gach roinn di, le comhchúram do chlainn uile an náisiúin, agus le neamhairt ar an easaontas a cothaíodh d’aontoisc eatarthu ag rialtas eachtrannach agus lér deighleadh mionlucht ón tromlach san am atá imithe.
Go dtí go dtabharfaidh feidhm ár n-arm an t-ionú dúinn Buan-Rialtas Náisiúnta a bhunú ó theachtaí do phobal uile na hÉireann arna dtoghadh le vótaí a cuid fear agus ban, déanfaidh an Rialtas Sealadach, a bhunaítear leis seo, cúrsaí sibhialta agus míleata na Poblachta a riaradh thar ceann an phobail.
Cuirimid cúis Phoblacht na hÉireann faoi choimirce Dhia Mór na nUile-chumhacht agus impímid A bheannacht ar ár n-airm; iarraimid gan aon duine a bheas ag fónamh sa chúis sin do tharraingt easonóra uirthi le mílaochas, le mídhaonnacht ná le slad. San uair oirbheartach seo is é dualgas náisiún na hÉireann a chruthú, lena misneach agus lena dea-iompar agus le toil a clainne á dtoirbhirt féin ar son na maitheasa poiblí, go dtuilleann sí an réim ró-uasal is dán di.
Arna shíniú thar ceann an Rialtais Shealadaigh,
TOMÁS Ó CLÉIRIGH SEÁN MAC DIARMADA
TOMÁS MAC DONNCHADHA PÁDRAIC MAC PIARAIS
ÉAMONN CEANNT SÉAMUS Ó CONGHAILE IÓSEPH Ó PLUINGCÉAD

http://www.taoiseach.gov.ie/eng/Historical_Information/1916_Commemorations/The_1916_Rising.html

http://www.taoiseach.gov.ie/eng/His.../The_Executed_Leaders_of_the_1916_Rising.html
 
'The Republic guarantees religious and civil liberty, equal rights and equal opportunities to all its citizens, and declares its resolve to pursue the happiness and prosperity of the whole nation and of all its parts, cherishing all of the children of the nation equally'

Shame this has NEVER happened - though that pretty much applies anywhere!
 
It's a fantastic, and fascinating history. From Charles Stewart Parnell to Michael Collins and Dev... Some horrific things too, like the Croke Park massacre and the treatment meted out to those who surrendered from the GPO...
 
It's a fantastic, and fascinating history. From Charles Stewart Parnell to Michael Collins and Dev... Some horrific things too, like the Croke Park massacre and the treatment meted out to those who surrendered from the GPO...

http://www.irishtimes.com/news/soci...1920-in-special-croke-park-ceremony-1.2438463

The Hogan Stand was named after one of the players killed that day when the British forces, in 1920, opened fire on the players and crowd killing 14 and injuring dozens more in retaliation to an earlier attack.

As you say the history is fascinating.
 
'The Republic guarantees religious and civil liberty, equal rights and equal opportunities to all its citizens, and declares its resolve to pursue the happiness and prosperity of the whole nation and of all its parts, cherishing all of the children of the nation equally'

Shame this has NEVER happened - though that pretty much applies anywhere!

It happened more in the Free State than in the North.
 
It happened more in the Free State than in the North.

Perhaps because there was less 'diversity' in the first place?

It seems to me that wherever there are different cultures/attitudes, there will be 'conflict'! And depending on the underlying culture, that conflict can be mild (progressive even) or dangerous (intolerant or perhaps violent)!

London seems to be one of the rare places where differences are, generally, 'celebrated'. Perhaps that's because it has been a melting pot, or at least an initial landing, for immigrants for hundreds of years!
 
Perhaps because there was less 'diversity' in the first place?

It seems to me that wherever there are different cultures/attitudes, there will be 'conflict'! And depending on the underlying culture, that conflict can be mild (progressive even) or dangerous (intolerant or perhaps violent)!

London seems to be one of the rare places where differences are, generally, 'celebrated'. Perhaps that's because it has been a melting pot, or at least an initial landing, for immigrants for hundreds of years!

No, because the North was contrived to be a Protestant state in which the Catholics were to be shown their place.

In contrast, the South was concerned with Irish Nationalism rather then religion, and there is a long traditional of Irish Protestants being nationalists, from Wolfe Tone and the Young Irishmen, Robert Emmet up to Sam Maguire, after whom the GAA All Ireland trophy is named, Roger Casement, Erskine Childers, later President, Countess Markewicz, Douglas Hyde the First President and many more.

There was not an equal and opposite situation in the North despite the much larger proportion of Catholics compared to Protestants in the South.
 
I'm not going to comment on the political side of things. Rather how various trips to Ireland have helped me understand Ireland as a country so much more than what was fed through the media when i was a kid growing up. I now understand why there are certain view points and the difficulties of what is, largely, a rural country and how things such as emigration have deeply effected the Irish in a way in which we here in England cant really comprehend.

Overall i have had some great times in Ireland and would return in a heartbeat but Mrs Tongo is put off by the weather!
 
At school I was basically taught that the Easter rising was perpetrated by opportunist scum. Ah education in a Presbyterian school in Northern Ireland.
 
At school I was basically taught that the Easter rising was perpetrated by opportunist scum. Ah education in a Presbyterian school in Northern Ireland.

History was one of my Highers. And it felt like the majority of it was Irish history from 1850 onwards. We were taught that the Protestant majority in the North was brought about by the likes of Harland and Wolf bringing in lots of Scottish Protestant labour, and that they were told in no uncertain terms to vote a particular way.

Interestingly, Churchill approached Dev in 1940, and offered the 6 counties to Eire if they agreed to join Britain in the war against Germany. Dev didn't trust Churchill to deliver. It didn't become public knowledge till the 30yr rule expired in 1970.
 
History was one of my Highers. And it felt like the majority of it was Irish history from 1850 onwards. We were taught that the Protestant majority in the North was brought about by the likes of Harland and Wolf bringing in lots of Scottish Protestant labour, and that they were told in no uncertain terms to vote a particular way.

Interestingly, Churchill approached Dev in 1940, and offered the 6 counties to Eire if they agreed to join Britain in the war against Germany. Dev didn't trust Churchill to deliver. It didn't become public knowledge till the 30yr rule expired in 1970.

The Protestant majority was well entrenched before Harland and Woolf, but H&W was famously closed to Catholics.

Britain had promised to resolve the Northern issue several times before, but failed to deliver each time, so not surprised Dev didn't trust Churchill. Churchill did a deal with Stalin behind Roosevelt's back, and was also aware of the Holocaust long before the camps were liberated. Dev may have been wise not to trust him.
 
The Protestant majority was well entrenched before Harland and Woolf, but H&W was famously closed to Catholics.

Britain had promised to resolve the Northern issue several times before, but failed to deliver each time, so not surprised Dev didn't trust Churchill. Churchill did a deal with Stalin behind Roosevelt's back, and was also aware of the Holocaust long before the camps were liberated. Dev may have been wise not to trust him.

Its 40yrs since my Leaving Cert... The memory isn't great. Think Home Rule was on the cards, separately, for both the North and South in 1912 but the House of Lords overturned it. This led to the Commons bringing in an Act to veto a HoL vote.... Maybe, if my memory serves me.

To some, Dev was a hero, but to others, a gangster. Equally, some say Collins was head and shoulders above Dev, but others would disagree.

Did Dev miscalculate when he sent Collins over to negotiate the treaty to end the Anglo-Irish war, and was he soley to blame for the Civil war? Was Dev complicit in arranging the ambush that led to Collins' death? The shenanigans around that time were so convoluted...

Anyway, not wishing to divert the thread away from the commemoration or the Easter Rising.
 
To some, Dev was a hero, but to others, a gangster. Equally, some say Collins was head and shoulders above Dev, but others would disagree.

Did Dev miscalculate when he sent Collins over to negotiate the treaty to end the Anglo-Irish war, and was he soley to blame for the Civil war? Was Dev complicit in arranging the ambush that led to Collins' death? The shenanigans around that time were so convoluted...

Anyway, not wishing to divert the thread away from the commemoration or the Easter Rising.

For me, Dev was responsible for Ireland not becoming a modern progressive country until, funny enough, joining the EU.

I think Dev sent Collins over knowing it was likely to deliver less than desired, and he probably had a role in Collins' death.
 
No, because the North was contrived to be a Protestant state in which the Catholics were to be shown their place.

In contrast, the South was concerned with Irish Nationalism rather then religion, and there is a long traditional of Irish Protestants being nationalists, from Wolfe Tone and the Young Irishmen, Robert Emmet up to Sam Maguire, after whom the GAA All Ireland trophy is named, Roger Casement, Erskine Childers, later President, Countess Markewicz, Douglas Hyde the First President and many more.

There was not an equal and opposite situation in the North despite the much larger proportion of Catholics compared to Protestants in the South.

I seem to remember adjusting my attitude somewhat when we discussed this at Bearwood a couple of years ago, though I've forgotten why/how, so may have slipped back into my earlier preconceptions!

...the North was contrived to be a Protestant state in which the Catholics were to be shown their place.

This was always going to be a recipe for disaster!
 
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